The motions of the thumb are complex and are often difficult to visualize, as multiple joints and planes are involved. The motions are crucial to the overall function of the hand, with amputation of the thumb resulting in 40% impairment.
The subscapularis muscle is a large muscle that originates on the anterior surface of the scapula and lies in front of the shoulder. The subscapularis muscle tendon inserts into the lesser tuberosity of the humerus.
Dislocation of the knee is a serious problem. It should be recognized and managed appropriately early.
Brown-Sequard Syndrome results from an injury to one half of the spinal cord as seen in penetrating injuries.
The age is between 4-10 years. The injury is caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand.
Posterior labral tear could mean posterior instability, which is usually diagnosed by the Jerk test or the Kim test.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis is sometimes called PVNS. PVNS is a slow growing, benign, reactive synovial proliferation characterized by proliferation of pigment laden histiocytes and giant cells.
Candidates for percutaneous fixation of ankle fractures are immunosuppressed patients, patients with severe soft tissue compromise, patients with diabetes, elderly patients, and patients with peripheral vascular disease.
The profunda femoris artery is the main blood supply of the thigh.
The femoral triangle is a superficial triangular space located on the anterior aspect of the thigh just inferior to the inguinal ligament.
Paronychia can be acute or chronic. It is an infection of the nail fold. It is a common hand infection, usually affecting a single digit.
The reverse pivot shift test helps to diagnose acute or chronic posterolateral instability of the knee.
The anterior cruciate ligament is located in the front of the knee. Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a condition commonly seen in sports usually due to a non-contact pivoting injury.
This classification is based on the level of fibular fracture. Fibular fracture that is more proximal indicates an increased risk of syndesmotic disruption and ankle instability.
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone. It may be an incurable disease. Usually bacteria causes infection in the bone.
A patient with antalgic gait does not want to spend time on the affected leg due to the pain. The patient wants to get their weight off the affected extremity.
The Froment’s Sign occurs due to weakness of the adductor pollicis muscle, which occurs when the patient has an ulnar nerve palsy.
Reiter’s Syndrome is a type of reactive arthritis that happens as a reaction to a bacterial infection in the body.
Pronator teres syndrome is a compression of the median nerve at the level of the elbow which occurs more in females.
There are three factors that are thought to contribute to deep venous thrombosis: endothelial injury, venous stasis, and hypercoagulability. Deep venous thrombosis or blood clots form in the deep veins usually in the legs.
The serratus anterior muscle originates on the superolateral surface of the upper 8 or 9 ribs. The muscle inserts into the medial border on the anterior side of the scapula.
A patient was involved in a motor vehicle accident, and the patient is unable to move all four extremities.
There are multiple tests for examination of the knee. T
Fractures of the calcaneus could be open or closed. Open fractures can be a big problem.
Tibial pilon fractures are high energy axial load injuries. Soft tissue injuries are bad; they can be open or closed fractures.
Supracondylar femur fractures can occur in young patients due to high energy trauma and when it occurs in older patients; it usually occurs due to low energy trauma such as a fall (osteoporotic bone).
The anatomical snuff box is a small, triangular depression located on the dorsoradial aspect of the wrist. People use this space for placing and then sniffing the powered tobacco or “snuff”.
Compartment syndrome is an increased pressure in a closed space or a compartment which will result in decreased perfusion and ischemia to the muscles and nerves.
The medial collateral ligament is one of four major ligaments of the knee. The medial collateral ligament extends from the medial epicondyle of the femur to below the medial condyle of the tibia.
The risk of avascular necrosis (AVN) and pulmonary embolism (PE) is increased by having an inherited thrombophilia. This includes protein S or protein C deficiency and Factor V Leiden mutation.
There really are a lot of problems when you deal with a patient that has ankylosing spondylitis and has spine trauma or the sudden onset of neck or back pain.
Cervical spine myelopathy can occur due to compression of the cervical spinal cord at the cervical spine level.
Jersey finger is an avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus from its insertion at the base of the distal phalanx.
Bunionette is also called “Tailor’s Bunion”. It is a prominence usually at the lateral part of the fifth metatarsal head.
The quadratus femoris muscle originates from the lateral margin of the ischial tuberosity.
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a strong band of tissue in the center of the knee that prevents anterior translation of the tibia on the femur.
There are multiple tests that are used for clinical evaluation of the subacromial impingement and cuff pathology
The ECRL originates from the lower third of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus.
Type I constitutes a large fragment of bone and articular cartilage. Type II is characterized by a small shell of bone and articular cartilage. Type III is a comminuted fracture of the capitellum.
Hemoglobin A1c is a test that measures the amount of glucose attached to the hemoglobin. The test tells us the average level of blood sugar (glucose) of the patient over the last 2-3 months.
When you inject steroids into a joint, it is better to aspirate the joint first to see the color of the fluid.
An absent pedicle in the AP view of the spine is a sign of a metastatic tumor to the spine that affects the pedicle.
The neck is composed of seven bones, called vertebrae that Begin in the upper torso and end at the base of the skull
When we begin to define an Orthopaedic surgeon, We find ourselves lost of words. Where to even begin, to stumble, To walk. A life of an Orthopaedic surgeon is undefinable...